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BIO DIESEL | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The new world trend requires the utilization of bio-fuels, in order to limit the gas emissions, with nearly closed CO2 loop in case of Biodiesel. In the future the trend will be the shifting from petroleum based fuel to bio-fuels. Biodiesel can be used alone or blended with diesel oil, either for heat production or as automotive fuel. |
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SOME BIODIESEL ADVANTAGES | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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THE PROCESS | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Biodiesel is a methylester of fatty acids obtained from fatty matters
(FAME) Oils and fats, of vegetable or animal origin, can be transformed by the chemical reaction of transesterification into a bio-fuel. In this process the triglycerides react with methanol forming methylesters and glycerine in presence of an alkaline catalyst. The product is a mixture of methylesters with different chain length. The reaction is carried out in two stages stirred reactors, followed by a settling section: here the methylesters is separated as light phase from glycerine and water as heavy phase. Then both methylesters and glycerin are desolventized in order to remove the alcohol which is recovered and recycled, while the methylesters is washed and dried to obtain Biodiesel ready for utilization. |
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BIODIESEL PRODUCTION | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Feedstock: Many oils and fats can be transesterified. In order to obtain specific fuel properties, in Europe pre-treated oils from rapeseed and sunflower seed are preferred. Other oils, soya, palm etc can be processed too. An oil pre-treatment is required to meet the feed specification and it is variable depending on the starting feedstock quality. The feed oil must meet the following specifications : FFA Content : 0.1 % max. |
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